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CVE-2021-44228

Exploitation: active CVSS 10.0 CRITICAL Ransomware: known use

CVSS base score: 10.0 (Critical) CISA · v3.1

Score assigned by CISA's Vulnrichment program; the vendor's CVE record did not include one.

Apache Log4j2 Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Vendor: Apache   Product: Log4j2

Description

Apache Log4j2 contains a vulnerability where JNDI features do not protect against attacker-controlled JNDI-related endpoints, allowing for remote code execution.

Lifecycle Timeline

Each milestone comes from a different source, so gaps between them are gaps in what those sources publish, not evidence that nothing happened. EPSS history for this CVE holds 262 points from 2021-12-11, tracked daily from 2026-09-09; earlier points are weekly, which dates a spike to within a week. Peak probability 100.0% on 2026-06-20.

Published Applicability

Red Hat CSAF/VEX 4 affected · 122 fixed · 2254 not affected
OSV.dev (incl. GHSA) 14 affected · 10 fixed · 0 not affected
CVE List v5 (CNA container) 3 affected · 0 fixed · 3 not affected

Check whether a specific version is affected → 1 source disagreement

What each source publishes about which product versions carry this vulnerability, kept as written rather than merged. Absence here means no source has published applicability data, not that nothing is affected.

Research & News Coverage

No mentions found in monitored research blogs or news feeds.

Detection & Exploitation

Coverage across public collections only: Nuclei and OpenVAS NVT (scan); Snort and Suricata ET Open (network); Sigma and YARA (host/SIEM); Metasploit, Exploit-DB and public GitHub repositories (exploit). Absence here means nothing public was found, not that detection is impossible.
GitHub PoC repositories are collected automatically by PoC-in-GitHub (CC0) and are not vetted: some are fakes and some are malware. Treat them as evidence that code was published, not as code to run.
OpenVAS coverage derives from the Greenbone Community Feed, made available under the Open Database License (ODbL) v1.0; its individual Vulnerability Tests are licensed GNU GPL v2.

Distribution Status

Debian · apache-log4j1.2 bookworm trixie forky sid scope: local
Debian · apache-log4j2 bookworm 2.15.0-1 trixie 2.15.0-1 forky 2.15.0-1 sid 2.15.0-1 scope: local

Where the distribution has shipped a fix, and in which version. Green means the release has resolved it, amber that it is still open. Data from the Debian Security Tracker, used under Debian's MIT / GPLv2+ terms. Debian is upstream of several other distributions, so a fix here often precedes theirs.

CISA Assessment (Vulnrichment / SSVC)

active
yes
total
10.0 CRITICAL
—
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE-502 — Deserialization of Untrusted Data
2025-02-04

D3FEND Countermeasures

Defensive techniques inferred by MITRE D3FEND from the underlying weakness (CWE-502) — general hardening and detection guidance for this weakness class, not a vendor patch for this specific CVE.

KEV Catalog Status

2021-12-10
2021-12-24
Known

Listed By

SourceDateRecord
CISA KEV 2021-12-10 source record →
CISA Vulnrichment 2025-02-04 source record →

Referenced in Advisories

DateAdvisoryIssuer
2026-08-26 Joint CSA: China-Linked Hacking Group QTFY Targets Military and Critical Infrastructure with Malicious Distributed Systems NSA
2026-07-30 Open Source Software: Security Principles and Practices CISA
2024-11-12 2023 Top Routinely Exploited Vulnerabilities CISA
2024-09-18 People's Republic of China-Linked Actors Compromise Routers and IoT Devices for Botnet Operations FBI
2024-07-25 North Korea Cyber Group Conducts Global Espionage Campaign to Advance Regime’s Military and Nuclear Programs NSA
2024-07-25 North Korea Cyber Group Conducts Global Espionage Campaign to Advance Regime's Military and Nuclear Programs NSA
2024-07-08 People’s Republic of China (PRC) Ministry of State Security APT40 Tradecraft in Action NSA
2024-07-08 APT40 Advisory: PRC MSS Tradecraft in Action NSA
2024-02-15 Threat Actor Leverages Compromised Account of Former Employee to Access State Government Organization CISA

Weaponization Timeline — Offensive & Testing Tools

No exploit-tool sightings recorded for this CVE.

Evidence tiers are explained on the About page — a merged Metasploit module is far stronger evidence than a distro package mention.

External References